QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR BUSINESS
1. Which one of the following is not a function of statistics?
(a) To simplify complexities (b) To compare data with respect to time and date
(c) To forecast the future (d) To pass a bill
2. Statistical methods are
(a) Collection of data (b) Analysis of data
(c) Classification of data (d) All of these
3. In _______ sense, statistics refers to a set of methods and techniques used for
collection, tabulation, analysis and interpretation of statistical data.
(a) Normal (b) Singular
(d) Plural (d) Varied
4. Which branch of statistics is used to make generalisation about the population based
on the samples?
(a) Descriptive Statistics (b) Inferential Statistics
(c) Empirical Statistics (d) General Statistics
5. Statistics can
(a) Prove anything (b) Disprove anything
(c) Neither prove nor disprove anything: but is a tool (d) solve everything
6. Statistical results are
(a) Absolutely correct (b) Universally Correct
(c) True on an average (d) Not correct
7. Distrust of statistics arises on account of
(a) Lack of Knowledge and limitation of its uses (b) Science of statistics
(c) Collection of data by skilled persons (d) Complete disclosure of data collected
8. Which one of the following is not true?
(a) Statistics does not study the individual cases
(b) Statistical results are true only an average
(c) Statistics reveal the entire story of the problem
(d) Statistics are only one of the methods of studying a problem
9. Primary data as compared to secondary data are
(a) less reliable (b) equally reliable
(c) not actual data (d) more reliable
10. Data collected from “The Hindu” newspaper is an example of
(a) Primary data (b) Secondary data
(c) Continuous data (d) None of these
11. _________ is a suitable method of collecting data in cases where the informants are
literate and spread over a vast area
(a) Mailed Questionnaire (b) Direct personal Interview
(c) Observation Method (d) Schedule method
12. The data collected on the height of a group of students after recording their heights
with a measuring tape are
(a) Primary data (b) Secondary data
(c) Discrete data (d) Continuous data
13. If all the units of the universe under study are considered for data collection, this
method of data collection is called
(a) Sampling method (b) Survey method
(c)Primary method (d) Census method
14. Which method of data collection is suitable when data to be collected are
confidential?
(a) Mailed Questionnaire (b) Direct personal Interview
(c) Observation Method (d) Schedule method
15. Data originally collected for an investigation is called
(a) Discrete data (b) Secondary data
(c) Primary data (d) Continuous data
16. Which one of the following is not true about census method?
(a) It is suitable when population is heterogeneous
(b) Census method possess high degree of accuracy
(c) Census method helps in intensive study of a problem
(d) It is cheap and is less time consuming
17. The technique of inspecting or studying only a selected representative and adequate
fraction of the population and drawing conclusions based on the study for the entire
universe is called..
(a) Sampling (b) Survey
(c)Primary method (d) Census
18. The listing of all units in the population under study is called
(a)List (b) stub
(c)Frame (d) Caption
19. Ton, kilogram, Rupees, hour etc are examples of
(a) Simple units (b) Composite units
(c) Primary unit (d) Complex units
20. Primary Data are in the nature of __________ from which the investigator draws
conclusions by applying statistical methods for analysis and interpretations
(a) Raw materials (b) Finished products
(c) Work in progress (d) Closing stock
21. Secondary data are in the nature of ____________ as they have already passed
through the statistical machine.
(a) Raw materials (b) Finished products
(c) Work in progress (d) Closing stock
22. Which type of data goes through further analysis and changes its shape in the course
of its use?
(a) Discrete data (b) Secondary data
(c) Primary data (d) Continuous data
23. Which type of data requires less precaution at the time of collection but more at the
time of analysis?
(a) Discrete data (b) Secondary data
(c) Primary data (d) Continuous data
24. Which one of the following is not a method of primary data collection?
(a) Observation Method (b) Schedules sent through enumerators
(c) Indirect oral investigation (d) Publications of Trade associations
25. The group of individuals under study is known as
(a) Sample (b) Data
(c) Population (d) None of the above
26. Which method of data collection is free from sampling errors?
(a) Census Method (b) Sample Survey
(c) Non random sampling (d) None of the above
27. Which method of sampling uses random selection to generate representative samples
from population?
(a) Non – Probability Sampling (b) Non random sampling
(c) Probability sampling (d) None of the above
28. Which one of the following is not a method of simple random sampling?
(a) Lottery Method (b) Table of random numbers
(c) Grid System (d) Quota Sampling
29. Which one of the following is not a method of Non Probability Sampling?
(a) Convenient Sampling (b) Quota Sampling
(c) Snowball Sampling (d) Cluster Sampling
30. ______________ is a method of stratified sampling in which selection within strata is
non-random.
(a) Convenient Sampling (b) Quota Sampling
(c) Snowball Sampling (d) Cluster Sampling
31. Presenting numerical facts in rows and columns is known as
(a) Classification (b) Coding
(c) Editing (d) Tabulation
32. In this type of interview the interviewer does not follow any list of pre-determined
questions
(a) Structured (b) Unstructured
(c) Depth (d) focused
33. A population containing definite number of object is called
(a) Finite Population (b) Infinite Population
(c) Destructive Population (d) Universe
34. Random sampling under restricted sampling technique is called
(a) Lottery method (b) Cluster sampling
(c) Complex random sampling (d) Random number method
35. Under this method samples are drawn stage by stage.
(a) Cluster sampling (b) Multi stage sampling
(c) Random sampling (d) Judgement sampling
36. Table numbers are given for identification and __________
(a) Attractiveness (b) Promptness
(c) Future reference (d) Brevity
37. _________ refers to the techniques, procedures and methods used for checking and
adjusting data for omissions, errors, consistency and legibility.
(a) Coding (b) Tabulation
(c) Editing (d) Classification
38. ________ is an analytical process in which data, both in quantitative form or
qualitative form are categorised to facilitate analysis.
(a) Coding (b) Tabulation
(c) Editing (d) Classification
39. The process of arranging the data in groups or classes according to resemblances and
similarities in order to make the data clear and meaningful is called ____________.
(a) Coding (b) Tabulation
(c) Editing (d) Classification
40. Column headings are called
(a) Stubs (b) Captions
(c) Source Note (d) Head Note
41. Row headings are known as
(a) Stubs (b) Captions
(c) Source Note (d) Head Note
42. In tabulation source of the data, if any, is shown in the
(a) Footnote (b) Body
(c) Stub (d) Caption
43. The primary data are collected by
(a) Interview Method (b) Schedule
(c) Observation (d) All of these
44. Investigator’s knowledge about the population is the basis in
(a) Purposive Sampling (b) Stratified Sampling
(c) Random Sampling (d) Systematic Sampling
45. Sampling errors are present only in
(a) Complete enumeration survey. (b) Sample Survey
(c) Both sample and census surveys (d) None of the above
46. Sampling errors can be reduced by
(a) Convenient Sampling (b) Increasing the sample Size
(c) Decreasing the sample Size (d) None of the above
47. In chronological classification data are classified on the basis of
(a) Attributes (b) Class intervals
(c) Time (d) Locations
48. What is the difference between the upper limit and lower limit of the class known as?
(a) Class Limit (b) Class Frequency
(c) Class Interval (d) Class mark
49. Under which method of forming class intervals, the upper limit of one class interval is
the lower limit of the next class?
(a) Exclusive method ` (b) Inclusive method
(c) Statistical series (d) None of the above
50. A collection of items, which cannot be exactly measured, but placed within certain
limits is called _________
(a) Continuous series (b) Discrete series
(c) Individual series (d) Class limits
51. The methods of finding out the average value of a statistical series is called measures
of ___________
(a) Dispersion (b) Frequency
(d) Central Tendency (d) Positions
52. Which one of the following is not a positional average?
(a) Median (b) Quartiles
(c) Mode (d) Harmonic Mean
53. Which one of the following is not a mathematical average?
(a) Arithmetic mean (b) Median
(c) Geometric mean (d) Harmonic mean
54. The arithmetic mean of observations 14,13,32,41 and 55 is:
(a) 23 (b) 25
(c) 31 (d) 32
55. Which of the following is not affected by extreme values?
(a) Arithmetic mean (b) Median
(c) Geometric mean (d) Harmonic mean
56. Which one of the following is a positional average?
(a) Arithmetic mean (b) Median
(c) Geometric mean (d) Harmonic mean
57. Which of the following statement is wrong?
(a) Mean is rigidly defined (b) Mean is not affected due to sampling fluctuations
(c) Mean has some mathematical properties
(d) Mean is not affected by extreme values
58. For averaging the speed of a vehicle the best average is
(a) Arithmetic mean (b) Median
(c) Geometric mean (d) Harmonic mean
59. Quartiles divide the given data into
(a) Four equal parts (b) Two equal parts
(c) Five equal parts (d) Ten Equal parts
60. Median can be determined graphically by using
(a) Histogram (b) Frequency Polygon
(c) Ogive (d) Pie Diagram
61. Median from the observations (15, 13, 3, 18, 21, 2) is
(a) 14 (b) 21 (c) 3 (d) 18
62. Mode of the observations (5, 12, 13, 11, 2, 5, 12, 7, 5)
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 7 (d) 5
63. Which of the following cannot be calculated if any observation is Zero?
(a) Arithmetic Mean (b) Harmonic Mean
(c) Geometric Mean (d) Median
64. Mean of 3 items is 20. The first two items are 25 and 15. What is the third item?
(a) 20 (b) 15
(c) 25 (d) 18
65. Mean and median of a series are 20. What is mode?
(a) 40 (b) 15
(c) 20 (d) Cannot identify
66. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Median = 3 Mode – 2 Mean
(b) Mean = 3 Median – 2 Mean
(c) Mode = 3 Mean – 2 Median
(d) Mode = 3 Median – 2 Mean
67. If mode is 10, the highest value of the observation is increased by 5. What will be the
new mode?
(a) 20 (b) 15
(c) 10 (d) 5
68. Which of the measure of central tendancy based on all the observations
(a) Mean (b) Median
(c) Mode (d) Quartile
69. For determination of mode, the class intervals should be
(a) Uniform (b) Maximum
(c) Minimum (d) None
70. The value of a set of observation that occurs most is called
(a) Mean (b) Median
(c) Mode (d) Quartile
71. Second quartile is also known as
(a) Mean (b) Median
(c) Mode (d) Percentile
72. When 10 is added to all the observations in a series, then mean is
(a) Increased by 10 (b) Decreased by 10
(c) Same (d) Zero
73. For a moderately asymmetrical distribution, which of the following relationship is
correct?
(a) Mean – Mode = 3 (Mean – Median)
(b) Mean – Mode = 3 (Median – Mean)
(c) Mean – Median = 3 (Mean – Median)
(d) Mean – Mode = 3 (Mode – Median)
74. If median is 20 and mean is 22.5 in a moderately skewed distribution, then compute
approximate value of mode?
(a) 21 (b) 15
(c) 22.5 (d) 20
75. Mutually exclusive classification
(a) Excludes both the class limits
(b) Exclude the upper class limit but includes the lower class limit
(c) Includes the upper class limit but excludes the upper class limit
(d) Either (b) or (c)
76. Mode of a distribution can be obtained from
(a) Histogram (b) Less than type ogives
(c) More than type ogives (d) Frequency polygon
77. Median of a distribution can be obtained from
(a) Frequency polygon (b) Histogram
(c) Less than type ogives (d) None of these
78. The number of observations falling within a class is called
(a) Density (b) Frequency
(c) Class Size (d) Class Interval
79. Difference between the maximum and minimum value of a given data is called
(a) Width (b) Size
(c) Range (d) None of the above
80. Class: 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency: 5 10 11 6 2
What is the cumulative frequency of the class 20-30?
(a)11 (b) 15
(c)34 (d) 26
81. Find the arithmetic mean of the following distribution(10,15,20,25,30,35)
(a) 20 (b) 22.5
(c)25 (d) 17.5
82. The point of intersection of the ‘less than’ and ‘more than’ ogives corresponds to
(a) Median (b) Mode
(c) Mean (d) Percentile
83. In a symmetrical distribution mean is _________median and mode.
(a) Greater than (b) Less than
(c) Equal to (d) greater than or equal to
84. __________ is the reciprocal of the arithmetic average of the reciprocal of values of
various items in the variable.
(a) Geometric Mean (b) Arithmetic Mean
(c) Harmonic Mean (d) Median
85. If in a moderately asymmetrical frequency distribution, the values of the median and
arithmetic mean are 72 and 78 respectively, estimate the value of the mode.
(a) 74 (b) 76
(c) 78 (d) 60
86. ___________ is defined as the N th root of the product of N items.
(a) Geometric Mean (b) Arithmetic Mean
(c) Harmonic Mean (d) Median
87. Q2, second quartile is better known as
(a) Mean (b) Median
(c) Mode (d) Percentile
88. The sum of the deviations of the items from the arithmetic mean, taking into account
plus and minus signs, is always
(a) Positive (b) negative
(c) Zero (d) Greater than 1
89. Which type of average is usually used to calculate growth rates like population growth
or interest rates.
(a) Arithmetic Mean (b) Geometric Mean
(c) Harmonic Mean (d) Median
90. Which measures are also called averages of the ‘second order’?
(a) Measures of Dispersion (b) Measures of Frequency
(d) Measures of Central Tendency (d) Measures of Positions
91. ____________ indicates the extent to which the individual values fall away from the
average or central value.
(a) Dispersion (b) Frequency
(d) Central Tendency (d) Positions
92. Dispersion is the measure of __________ of the items
(a) Average (b) Normality
(c) Position (d) Variation
93. Which of the following is not correct about measure of dispersion?
(a) It is capable of algebraic treatment
(b) It indicates degree of variations
(c) It helps in comparison
(d) It is affected by extreme values
94. Relative measures of dispersion is also known as?
(a) Co-efficients of dispersion (b) Absolute dispersion
(c) Cumulative dispersion (d) None of the above
95. Which of the following measures of dispersion is not a positional measure?
(a) Range (b) Inter Quartile Range
(c) Quartile Deviation (d) Mean Deviation
96. Which of the following measures of dispersion is a positional measure?
(a) Mean Deviation (b) Quartile Deviation
(c) Standard Deviation (d) Lorenz Curve
97. Which of the following is/are algebraic measures of dispersion?
(a) Mean Deviation (b) Standard Deviation
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
98. The difference between the two extreme values of a series is called?
(a) Frequency (b) Range
(c) Mean Deviation (d) Standard Deviation
99. Which of the following measures of dispersion is a graphic method based on
cumulative frequency?
(a) Range (b) Median
(c) Mean deviation (d) Lorenz Curve
100. From the following distribution ascertain the value of range?
Days: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Price: 200 280 150 400 500
(a) 300 (b) 350
(b) 500 (d) 500
.......................................................................................................................................................................
Answers
1. (d) To pass a bill
2. (d) All of these
3. (b) Singular
4. (b) Inferential Statistics
5. (c)Neither prove nor disprove anything: but is a tool
6. (c) True on an average
7. (a) Lack of Knowledge and limitation of its uses
8. (c) Statistics reveal the entire story of the problem
9. (d) more reliable
10. (b) Secondary data
11. (a) Mailed Questionnaire
12. (a) Primary data
13. (d) Census method
14. (b) Direct personal Interview
15. (c) Primary data
16. (d) It is cheap and is less time consuming
17. (a) Sampling
18. (c)Frame
19. (a) Simple units
20. (a) Raw materials
21. (b) Finished products
22. (c) Primary data
23. (b) Secondary data
24. (d) Publications of Trade associations
25. (c) Population
26. (a) Census Method
27. (c) Probability sampling
28. (d) Quota Sampling
29. (d) Cluster Sampling
30. (b) Quota Sampling
31. (d) Tabulation
32. (b) Unstructured
33. (a) Finite Population
34. (c) Complex random sampling
35. (b) Multi stage sampling
36. (c) Future reference
37. (c) Editing
38. (a) Coding
39. (d) Classification
40. (b) Captions
41. (a) Stubs
42. (a) Footnote
43. (d) All of these
44. (a) Purposive Sampling
45. (b) Sample Survey
46. (b) Increasing the sample Size
47. (c) Time
48. (c) Class Interval
49. (a) Exclusive method
50. (a) Continuous series
51. (d) Central Tendency
52. (d) Harmonic Mean
53. (b) Median
54. (c) 31
55. (b) Median
56. (b) Median
57. (d) Mean is not affected by extreme values
58. (d) Harmonic mean
59. (a) Four equal parts
60. (c) Ogive
61. (a) 14
62. (d) 5
63. (b) Harmonic Mean
64. (a) 20
65. (c) 20
66. (d) Mode = 3 Median – 2 Mean
67. (c) 10
68. (a) Mean
69. (a) Uniform
70. (c) Mode
71. (b) Median
72. (a) Increased by 10
73. (a) Mean – Mode = 3 (Mean – Median)
74. (b) 15
75. (b) Exclude the upper class limit but includes the lower class limit
76. (a) Histogram
77. (c) Less than type ogives
78. (b) Frequency
79. (c) Range
80. (d) 26
81. (b) 22.5
82. (a) Median
83. (c) Equal to
84. (c) Harmonic Mean
85. (d) 60
86. (a) Geometric Mean
87. (b) Median
88. (c) Zero
89. (b) Geometric Mean
90. (a) Measures of Dispersion
91. (a) Dispersion
92. (d) Variation
93. (d) It is affected by extreme values
94. (a) Co-efficients of dispersion
95. (d) Mean Deviation
96. (b) Quartile Deviation
97. (c) Both (a) and (b)
98. (b) Range
99. (d) Lorenz Curve
100. (b) 350
